The European Commission sent a statement of objections to the tech firm, alleging that it has breached EU competition law.
Google is accused of placing onerous requirements on firms using Android and stifling competition.
It said Android was "good for competition and good for consumers".
Kent Walker, Google's senior vice president and general counsel, said: "Android has helped foster a remarkable and, importantly, sustainable ecosystem, based on open-source software and open innovation. We look forward to working with the European Commission."
Competition
Speaking at a press conference in Brussels on Wednesday, the European competition commissioner, Margrethe
Vestager, said she had reached a preliminary view that Google was in breach of EU law.
It has been given 12 weeks to respond, and, if found guilty, the company faces a fine and could be required to change its practices.
Ms Vestager said Google had harmed both competitors and consumers by placing requirements on mobile manufacturers and operators to preinstall some of its own products and, in some cases, set them as default or exclusive options on handsets.
In some cases, she said, this had been as a condition of Google's agreement to grant a licence for the use of some of its apps.
Android is open-source software, meaning competing operating systems can be built using its source code.
The commissioner alleged Google had barred manufacturers from selling devices using these operating systems.
She also said Google had given financial incentives to manufacturers and mobile network operators on condition they exclusively preinstalled Google Search on their devices.
Dominance
She told reporters: "A competitive mobile internet sector is increasingly important for consumers and businesses in Europe.
"Based on our investigation thus far, we believe that Google's behaviour denies consumers a wider choice of mobile apps and services and stands in the way of innovation by other players, in breach of EU antitrust rules.
"These rules apply to all companies active in Europe."
According to the European Commission, Google has about a 90% share in the markets for general internet search services, licensable smart mobile operating systems and app stores for the Android mobile operating system, making it dominant.
Ms Vestager said the issue was particularly important because smartphones and tablets accounted for most global internet traffic, and were expected to account for even more in the future.
She said about 80% of smart mobile devices ran on Android.
Source: BBC
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